1. Reporting: Authors must provide honest, clear, and comprehensive information about the research process and its results to the editorial team, ensuring that data and findings are kept secure and confidential.

2. Originality and Plagiarism: Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original works, written by the authors, and based on their own research, not plagiarized from other works. Authors are strictly prohibited from misattributing citations or using others' works without proper acknowledgment.

3. Duplicate Submissions: Authors must disclose that the manuscript submitted is not being simultaneously considered for publication elsewhere. If the manuscript is found to have been submitted to another journal or publisher concurrently, the editorial team will reject the submission.

4. Authorship Status: Authors should inform the editorial team if they have the necessary qualifications and expertise related to the manuscript’s subject. All authors should include their affiliations and contact information. The corresponding author (or first author) should be responsible for communication with the journal.

5. Errors in the Manuscript: If errors in the manuscript are discovered (including issues with author names, affiliations, citations, or any other aspect of the content), authors must promptly inform the editorial team and propose corrections.

6. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest: Authors must ensure they understand the publication ethics and disclose any potential conflicts of interest to avoid bias, ensuring the manuscript is processed smoothly and transparently.

Ethics for Editors

1. Publication Decisions: Editors must ensure a thorough, transparent, objective, and fair review process, using this as the basis for deciding whether a manuscript should be accepted or rejected. The editorial board plays a critical role as the selection committee for submissions.

2. Publication Information: Editors should ensure that guidelines for manuscript preparation are clearly accessible to authors and other stakeholders, both in print and electronic formats.

3. Peer-Review Assignment: Editors are responsible for selecting appropriate reviewers and ensuring they receive clear instructions on the review process and expectations.

4. Objectivity and Neutrality: Editors must be objective, neutral, and honest in their editorial work, without discrimination based on gender, business interests, ethnicity, religion, nationality, or any other factors.

5. Confidentiality: Editors are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of the manuscript’s content, as well as the privacy of the authors and their submissions.

6. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest: Editors must understand publication ethics and avoid any conflicts of interest, ensuring that the manuscript processing is conducted smoothly and without interference.

Ethics for Reviewers

1. Objectivity and Neutrality: Reviewers must be honest, objective, impartial, and solely focused on scientific truth. The review process should be conducted professionally, without any bias based on gender, business interests, ethnicity, religion, nationality, or other factors.

2. Clarity of References: Reviewers should ensure that the sources cited in the manuscript are credible and accurate. If there are errors or discrepancies in citations, reviewers should promptly notify the editorial team to request corrections from the authors.

3. Efficiency of Peer-Review: Reviewers must respond to manuscripts sent by the editorial team within the established review period (usually no more than two weeks). If additional time is needed for the review, the reviewer must notify the editorial team promptly.

4. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest: Reviewers should be aware of the publication ethics guidelines to avoid conflicts of interest and ensure a fair review process.

Ethics for Journal Managers

1. Decision-Making: Journal managers or editorial boards must clearly define the mission and objectives of the journal, particularly regarding policy decisions and publication processes, ensuring that no conflicts of interest affect these decisions.

2. Independence: Journal managers must provide reviewers and editors the independence to work in a comfortable, unbiased environment while respecting the privacy of the authors.

3. Intellectual Property and Promotion: Journal managers must protect the intellectual property rights (copyrights) of authors and ensure transparency in managing any third-party funding. Additionally, journal managers should promote the published content to the community, guaranteeing the relevance and usefulness of the articles.

4. Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest: Journal managers must adhere to publication ethics to avoid any conflicts of interest, ensuring the smooth and transparent processing of manuscripts.